Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 5 Articles
Abstract: Pulmonary mucormycosis is a relatively rare but often fatal opportunistic fungal infection\nthat occurs mostly in immunocompromised patients. Endobronchial mucormycosis, a distinct\nclinical form of pulmonary mucormycosis, is very rare, and only a few cases have been reported.\nThe most common bronchoscopic findings in patients with endobronchial mucormycosis are stenosis,\nerythematous mucosa and airway obstruction. Here, we present a case of fatal endobronchial\nmucormycosis mimicking actively caseating endobronchial tuberculosis in a young diabetic patient\nliving in a country with an intermediate tuberculosis burden....
Asthma in pregnancy is a health issue of great concern. Physiological changes and drug compliance during pregnancy can affect\nasthma control in varying degrees, and the control level of asthma and the side effects of asthma medications are closely related to\nthe adverse perinatal outcomes of mother and fetus. This article provides an update on the available literature regarding the\nalleviating or aggravating mechanism of asthma in pregnancy, diagnosis, disease assessment, and systematic management, to\nprovide a new guidance for physician, obstetric joint doctor, and health care practitioner....
Severe bronchial asthma complicated with respiratory failure, a common critical illness in respiratory medicine, may be lifethreatening.\nHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a novel oxygen therapy technique developed in recent years. HFNC was applied\nin this study for treating adult patients with severe bronchial asthma complicated with respiratory failure. Its efficacy was analyzed\ncomparatively to conventional oxygen therapy (COT). HFNC and COT were randomly performed based on conventional\ntreatment. The HFNC group was similar to COT-treated patients in terms of response rate, with no significant difference in\nefficacy between the two groups. In patients with bronchial asthma, effectively increased PO2 and reduced PCO2 were observed\nafter treatment in both groups. However, HFNC was more efficient than COT in elevating PO2 in patients with severe bronchial\nasthma complicated with respiratory failure, while no statistically significant difference in PCO2 reduction was found between the\ntwo groups. Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) between the two groups on admission (0 h) and at 2, 8, 24, and 48 h after\nadmission were compared. Both indicators significantly decreased with time. No significant differences in HR and RR were found\nbetween the groups at 0, 2, and 8 h after admission. However, these indicators were significantly lower in the HFNC group\ncompared with the COTgroup at 24 and 48 h after admission. HFNC could significantly elevate PO2 and reduce HR and RR. Thus,\nit is a promising option for patients with severe bronchial asthma complicated with respiratory failure....
Background: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) in young children is a leading cause of morbidity and hospitalization\nworldwide. There are few studies assessing the performance for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) versus oropharyngeal\nswab (OPS) specimens in microbiological findings for children with RTI. The primary purpose of this study was to compare\nthe detection rates of OPS and paired BALF in detecting key respiratory pathogens using suspension microarray.\nMethods: We collected paired OPS and BALF specimens from 76 hospitalized children with respiratory illness. The samples\nwere tested simultaneously for 8 respiratory viruses and 5 bacteria by suspension microarray.\nResults: Of 76 paired specimens, 62 patients (81.6%) had at least one pathogen. BALF and OPS identified respiratory\npathogen infections in 57 (75%) and 49 (64.5%) patients, respectively (P > 0.05). The etiology analysis revealed that viruses\nwere responsible for 53.7% of the patients, whereas bacteria accounted for 32.9% and Mycoplasma pneumoniae for 13.4%.\nThe leading 5 pathogens identified were respiratory syncytial virus, Streptococcus pneumoniaee, Haemophilus influenzae,\nMycoplasma pneumoniae and adenovirus, and they accounted for 74.2% of etiological fraction. For detection of any\npathogen, the overall detection rate of BALF (81%) was marginally higher than that (69%) of OPS (p = 0.046). The\ndifferences in the frequency distribution and sensitivity for most pathogens detected by two sampling methods were not\nstatistically significant.\nConclusions: In this study, BALF and OPS had similar microbiological yields. Our results indicated the clinical value of OPS\ntesting in pediatric patients with respiratory illness....
Background. Fibroblast dysfunction is the main pathogenic mechanism underpinning idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).\nPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 2 (KCNJ2) plays critical roles in the proliferation of myofibroblasts and\nin the development of cardiac fibrosis. Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the role of KCNJ2 in IPF. Methods. KCNJ2\nmRNA expression was measured using real-time PCR in fibroblasts from IPF patients and normal controls (NCs). Protein\nconcentrations were measured by ELISA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid obtained from NCs....................
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